Engl. transl.: Incidence and types of electronic abuse of students higher elementary grades in three different school environments

The aim of the research was to determine the incidence and forms of electronic harassment (e-harassment) students in higher grades of primary school age in three different school environments: 1) urban (high school), 2) suburban (medium school) and 3) rural (small school). The results showed that with increasing age students, greater experience in dealing with modern technologies, more frequent implementation of free time on the computer, mobile phone and Internet applications increases e-harassment with intent to direct. With its size and urban one school environment, increasing age students, a greater amount of leisure time spent on the computer and mobile increases the probability of e-harassment in violation of another person’s identity. With its size and urban one school environment and increasing the student’s age increases the likelihood of e-harassment, abuse and insults without direct intent. Length of using the Internet and mobile phones over an hour is predictive for the occurrence of e-harassment. Most students use Facebook application and if used more than 2 hours a day is predictive for the occurrence of e- harassment. Elsewhere students use the Chat application, but is used less time. In a large and high school urban and suburban environments is the greatest incidence of e-harassment and neglect insults without direct intent, while in pre-school rural areas usually present e-harassment with direct intent. Education about the harmful effects of modern technology is required for all students in schools in order to reduce the e-violence and prevent email abuse especially what with the direct intention of violating other people’s identities, especially in children and young people who are at risk.

"Primary school students in all three socio-demographic environments (urban, suburban and rural) usually use the Internet and mobile phones for up to an hour or up to two hours, for less or more than half hours, and the smallest number of students use them for more than two hours. When we add up the percentage of students who use the Internet and mobile phones for an hour or more, which proved to be a risk factor for the occurrence of cyberbullying there is 59% of such students." Nikčević-Milković et al, 2016, 85 Children in this study mostly used Facebook, and chat apps. "The research sought to examine the impact of school size (large, medium and small schools), school environment and socio-demographic environment (urban, suburban and rural areas) on the frequency and forms of e-abuse. In urban and suburban schools, ie in large and medium schools, the largest incidence of e-abuse is by neglect and insult without direct intent. This violence is committed by students without the intention of hurting or harassing another student(s), however, they are not aware that it is abuse because they do not see and do not feel the direct harm or consequences of their abuse. In a small rural school, children and young people most often use direct forms of e-abuse that are intended to hurt or upset someone." Nikčević-Milković et al, 2016, 87 (translated by the coder)